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The first stage of data analysis, the data preparation stage aims is to transform raw data into meaningful and readable data. This stage includes data validation, data editing and data coding steps.

Hello, Data preparation includes 1.Data validation – The purpose of this step is to find out whether the data gathering process was done without any bias and as per the pre-set standards. 2.Data editing – Large data sets include plenty of errors. To make sure that there are zero errors, one should check for outliers, and edit the data to clear out any data points that impacts the accuracy of the results. 3.Data coding – This is one of the crucial steps in data preparation. It refers to assigning values to responses from the survey.

Does data validation, editing and coding include further steps?

Yes, data validation includes four steps. 1.Fraud – finds out whether the respondent has been interviewed or not. 2.Screening – ensures that respondents are chosen as per the study criteria. 3.Procedure – checks whether the data gathering process was duly followed. 4.Completeness – makes sure that the interviewer has asked the respondent all the questions.