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What is the optimal separation between UWB antennas to effectively reduce mutual coupling?

In ultra-wideband antenna systems, mutual coupling can significantly distort impedance matching, radiation patterns, and time-domain performance. I am trying to understand how antenna separation affects coupling across a wide frequency range, and whether there is a practical rule or design trade-off that engineers typically follow.

 

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By Rutuja Ingole Answered 1 year ago


From my experience designing and reviewing UWB antenna systems, I have seen that there is no single “optimal” separation valid across the entire band. A common practical guideline is maintaining at least 0.3λ to 0.5λ separation at the lowest operating frequency, since coupling is dominated by near-field interactions there. I would recommend combining spacing with decoupling strategies such as neutralization lines, defected ground structures, or polarization diversity. In UWB designs, spacing alone rarely suffices; effective isolation usually emerges from a careful balance of geometry, bandwidth, and supplementary coupling-suppression techniques.
 
 
 

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