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1 year ago in Historical Methods , Philosophy of Science By Prajwal Sharma

How do historians evaluate the reliability of oral versus written sources?

I'm developing the methodology chapter for my dissertation on a community with a strong oral tradition. I need to articulate a defendable framework for using interviews alongside colonial archives, moving beyond the simplistic view that documents are inherently more reliable.

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By Aarav Answered 1 year ago

In my historical research, I treat every source as a artifact with specific conditions of production. For oral sources, I evaluate the narrator's positionality, the consistency of the narrative across interviews, and the cultural context of the tradition. For documents, I analyze the author's intent and institutional context. I would recommend a convergent methodology: the most reliable historical picture emerges from triangulation, where oral testimony interrogates the silences in written records, and vice-versa. Neither is inherently superior; they provide different types of evidence.

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